CVE-2026-27727

Description

mchange-commons-java, a library that provides Java utilities, includes code that mirrors early implementations of JNDI functionality, including support for remote `factoryClassLocation` values, by which code can be downloaded and invoked within a running application. If an attacker can provoke an application to read a maliciously crafted `jaxax.naming.Reference` or serialized object, they can provoke the download and execution of malicious code. Implementations of this functionality within the JDK were disabled by default behind a System property that defaults to `false`, `com.sun.jndi.ldap.object.trustURLCodebase`. However, since mchange-commons-java includes an independent implementation of JNDI derefencing, libraries (such as c3p0) that resolve references via that implementation could be provoked to download and execute malicious code even after the JDK was hardened. Mirroring the JDK patch, mchange-commons-java's JNDI functionality is gated by configuration parameters that default to restrictive values starting in version 0.4.0. No known workarounds are available. Versions prior to 0.4.0 should be avoided on application CLASSPATHs.

Read the notes from the security team

Status

Show unmaintained releases

Package	Ubuntu Release	Status
c3p0	26.04 LTS resolute	Fixed 0.9.1.2-11ubuntu0.1
	25.10 questing	Ignored end of life, was needs-triage
	24.04 LTS noble	Fixed 0.9.1.2-10ubuntu2.1
	22.04 LTS jammy	Fixed 0.9.1.2-10ubuntu1.1
	20.04 LTS focal	Fixed 0.9.1.2-10ubuntu0.20.04.1+esm1
	18.04 LTS bionic	Fixed 0.9.1.2-9+deb8u1ubuntu0.18.04.2
	16.04 LTS xenial	Fixed 0.9.1.2-9+deb8u1ubuntu0.16.04.1~esm2
	14.04 LTS trusty	Not affected

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Notes

rodrigo-zaiden

mchange-commons-java seem to be included in a few version of c3p0.

Severity score breakdown

CVSS version:

Base score 8.9 · High

Base metrics

Parameter	Value
Attack vector	Network
Attack complexity	Low
Attack requirements	Present
Privileges required	High
User interaction	None
Vulnerable system - Confidentiality impact	High
Vulnerable system - Integrity impact	High
Vulnerable system - Availability impact	High
Subsequent system - Confidentiality impact	High
Subsequent system - Integrity impact	High
Subsequent system - Availability impact	High

Scores

Parameter	Value
Base score	8.9 · High
Base + Threat score	-
Base + Environmental score	-
Base + Threat + Environmental score	-

Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

Base score 8.3 · High

Base metrics

Parameter	Value
Attack vector	Network
Attack complexity	High
Privileges required	None
User interaction	Required
Scope	Changed
Confidentiality impact	High
Integrity impact	High
Availability impact	High

Scores

Parameter	Value
Base score	8.3 · High
Exploitability score	-
Impact score	-

Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

References

Related Ubuntu Security Notices (USN)

USN-8642-1
c3p0 vulnerabilities
18 August 2026

Other references

https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-27727